Watering

All plants require water for metabolic and physiological functioning.  Although some plant species are large consumers of water, others can be maintained with relatively low quantities of water.  Proper watering is important in marinating a healthy lawn and shrubs.  Unfortunately, the majority of homeowners over-irrigate or     irrigate incorrectly.  Too much water is damaging to plants, trees and sod.  It will result in the following: A less developed and shorter root system, which has less capacity to seek out water and nutrients and is susceptible to attack from disease and pests. An overly succulent root system susceptible to attack from disease and pests A build up of excessive thatch .      So, how often does one need to water, how much to water and when to water.  After sod, trees and plants are established, the following are guidelines recommended by the University of Florida in answer to those two important questions.   How often to water      The University of Florida recommends that sod be watered on a "need for water" basis.  Need for water can be determined by observing the grass for signs of drought, which indicate that transpiration ( the process of water flowing from the roots to the top of the plant providing the plant with a cooling mechanism) needs are not being met.  The sighs to look for to determine if water needs are not being met are as follows: Leaf blades are folded in half lengthwise in an attempt to conserve water The water holding capacity of soil The soil drainage characteristics An efficient watering: Wets only the turf grass root zone Does not over-saturate the soil Does not allow for excessive water run-off      A simple watering schedule would apply 1/4 - 3/4 of an inch when the turf grass shows water deficient symptoms as discussed above.   How much to water      The amount of water to apply at any one time varies with: The amount of water present in the soil The water holding capacity of the soil The soil drainage characteristics      An efficient watering: Wets only the turf grass root zone Does not over-saturate the soil Does not allow for excessive water run-off A simple watering schedule would apply 1/4-3/4 of an inch when the turf grass shows water deficit symptoms as mentioned earlier.   When to water      After your lawn, trees and shrubs are established (1-2 months), the best time for irrigation is in the early morning hours.  Watering during the day wastes water due to excessive evaporation.  Watering in the late afternoon can/will be detrimental because it extends the period of time the lawn is naturally wet from dew.  This extended wet period will accelerate disease and pest occurrence.  Below are some important watering notes.  Each lot has its own set of conditions that will dictated how you should water. Areas of full sun exposure or "wide open areas" that are not prone to or inundated with water will require more watering time than others. Areas of full or partial shade will require very little watering time and at times may not require any water.  Example: in between homes Swales and drainage areas need to be monitored carefully,  Watering these areas should be coordinated with the neighbors to prevent over-watering. Plans and sod located on the north side of a residence will usually require less water that other areas. Soil conditions that are very porous (sandy) will require larger run times, less frequently to ensure deep root watering. Soil conditions that are non-pours (clay, soils, hard pan, or packed soils) might require 2 run times in the AM (3AM - 8AM) with a 3-8 minutes per zone to prevent excessive run off and ensure saturation. Winter weather conditions require less water. Each lot is different in conditions and requirements.   Homeowners must closely monitor grass, trees, plants, and soil to determine the correct timing and amount to water their lawn.

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